Analyzing Objects

Porcelain

Musket Ball

Smallpox

Nail

Reaper

Shirtwaist

Transistor

Coffee

Record

Tire

Dishwasher

Dress

Stereograph

Stone

Mail

Shoe

Question 1:
The cup and saucer are meticulously created to function effectively while being decorated with embellishments that exist for beauty's sake. It looks like bone china adorned with gold and lapis blue which would make it expensive.
Question 2:
The Colonials followed traditions begun in Great Britain with tea time. The colors remind me of the blue and white of Chinese pottery which became popular during this time period (I believe). Perhaps this was the tea set of a President for very special occasions. It would not have been an ordinary set used daily.
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Module Id: 951
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Question 1:
They look rather "spacelike" or "experimental" and they are certainly not common household items. They cast rather long shadows and so must be rather tall. I must say however, that the object on the far left resembles the scalp massagers that are available today. Ha!
Question 2:
I get a feel for the 1940's or 50's when Science fiction was becoming popular and Space competition was beginning. Could these be some type of art projects?
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Question 1:
This looks like a coffee insert into a US Military Ready to eat meal. It's a thick can that would not puncture easily. Nescafe is a popular coffee and it includes sugar and milk. Perhaps it was meant to be added to hot water since it's an extract.
Question 2:
This looks like it would have been ready for WW2 for our soldiers going overseas.
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Question 1:
It's about an inch long and it's a sphere. It looks like a Civil War "minnie-ball" that could be dug up easily in my back yard. I don't recall finding many that were that perfectly round however. My first impression was that it was a meteorite, but since this is a History class, I'm going with my 2nd choice.
Question 2:
The Civil War "bullet" of choice - the minnie-ball which when shot, rotated towards the victim causing a large gaping hole. Minnie balls are plentiful in Civil War battlefield areas.
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Question 1:
It's a cell or cells under a microscope. Are these blood cells and is the one on the far left a sickle cell? Is this some type of germ which caused great infections?
Question 2:
Being able to see into the innerworkings of our bodies, brought understanding to so many outward problems. The ability to see "germs" which proved the necessity for washing hands and cleaning environments. Many people didn't believe that "germs" existed because they could not see them. This proof led to cleaner hands of doctors and nurses which then led to healthier patients, including women giving birth at home. So the death rate decreased greatly.
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Question 1:
This is a record that would have been played on a Victrola - a hand cranked machine that had a needle arm and a large sound cone on the end.
Question 2:
This brought music into the homes of America. People could have friends over and enjoy music together. They no longer needed to go out into public for this enjoyment.
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Question 1:
Spikes made of metal of differing lengths. They have a flat top and a squarish shape. Could have been used for wood or horseshoes.
Question 2:
Would these have been imported from England or perhaps just the raw material? Williamsburg era homes certainly have nails, and the horses would have had shoes.
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Question 1: Car/truck tires that needed innertubes.
Question 2:
Waste made from the invention of the car. No way to recycle or reuse them? Burning them made a nasty smelling black smoke.
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Question 1:
Whoo Hoo! It's a dishwasher. It is conveniently located near the sink so that dishes can be rinsed off and placed quickly inside.
Question 2:
I'm guessing this is late 1940's early 1950's. So many women went into the workforce and food preparation is becoming easier with prepared foods, so time is of the essence. Many people are moving to the suburbs where they don't necessarily have a garden so reliance on markets is greater. Convenience is expected in the home with advancements in home technology and improvements in the economy. Post WW2 people are excited about the future, and don't want to spend a lot of time working in the kitchen.
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Question 1:
Perhaps this blouse is mass-made? Well-tailored, no frills, and functional, it makes me think of a waitress. It looks like it's made of linen. The patterning (stripes) would have been easy to make with a mechanized loom.
Question 2:
Pre-industrialization, people made their own clothes or if they were wealthier, they had dressmaker's or tailors make them. They would go to the store and purchase the fabric and then the clothing would be made for them. When industrialization came, clothing could be mass-made and then people could go to the store and buy the clothing.
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Question 1:
Can be pulled by an animal. Sits near the ground. The open area on the right would cross over the crop pulling it from the ground, separating its roots from the dirt.
Question 2:
This would revolutionize farming because mass labor would not be needed to harvest some crops. The machine could do the work of many men. Costs of farming would be greatly lowered. It would have a negative effect on tenament farmers who relied on the farm for their livelihood.
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Question 1:
A suffragette who worked for the voting rights of women. Their dress was less frilly than the current style, rather more like a uniform.
Question 2:
The right for women to vote was a major change in our country's history. A paradigm shift occurred in our country during this time as cultural norms changed and affected the outlook of women and minorities in other areas.
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Question 1:
This is a stereoscope I think. It was used to see pictures in 3-D. Tourists could purchase scenes from vacation spots to enjoy and share with others later.
Question 2:
A 19th century form of visual entertainment. I would expect that the experimentation with the lenses and photos would lead to personal cameras and moving pictures. This would also encourage tourism to spots in America because people would see where their friends would travel by car or train.
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Question 1:
Government letter from the Auditor's office of the Confederate States of America Post office. To: Mr. Alexander of Pickens Courthouse, South Carolina.
Question 2:
Other than being an object from the Pre-Civil war days of US History, I don't recognize the names. I did not know that there was an organized postal service in the Confederate States.
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Question 1:
Cobbler made, Hand stitched (irregular pattern)shoes/short boots with a rounder toe. Rawhide laces, leather outside. The top of the shoe looks to be in better condition than the sole which makes me think that this was not a farmer's boot, but perhaps worn by a gentleman. ??
Question 2:
Hand-stitched shoes would have been made by an artisan who had the tools to create them. They would have been expensive to buy. They could be resoled/reheeled and stretched to fit when feet grew.
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Question 1:
Thinking about history and how events in history have played off of and are linked to one another. It's a beautiful quilt that demonstrates how inter-related events are.
Question 2:
Objects demonstrate: methods of creation; the thoughts of the creator; the design for the consumer; the function; the enjoyment; the necessity of the times; etc.
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Question 1:
Analyzing an object as a primary source and then finding supporting secondary sources which give factual information surrounding it. We need to use multiple sources to make sure that we have the correct perspective on situations in history.
Question 2:
Objects are concrete views into the past and can help us understand perspectives on culture, function, etc. when we couple them with secondary sources that lend perspective.
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Question 1:
Instant coffee became a necessity for our troops overseas in WW2. It could easily be reconstituted by adding hot water. The processing of instant coffee led to processing of other foods in great quantities. When WW2 abruptly ended, the food industry was left with massive amounts of differing types of processed foods meant for the remainder of the war. In order to make a profit from these, companies began to market them directly to consumers.
Question 2:
Advertising may depict a certain scene or role; however, whether that advertising was really effective or not must be researched. Also advertising might depict a scene that the advertiser hopes the product will cause, not necessarily one that is accurate at the time. Advertising is always future-oriented and is aimed to sway opinions not match them.
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Question 1:
The shirtwaist expanded life in so many ways: clothing production changed and introduced a group mentality to clothing production; women organized and shared concerns which led to suffragist thoughts and involvement in society; concerns shared brought action and organized unions to try force owners to make changes for safety in this "new" industry and social arena.
On a more personal level: clothing styles changed lifestyles which continues to become less formal; clothing styles changed opportunities for involvement outside of the home; clothing styles changed which lessened the need for personal maids for dressing. (I have attended two teas at Maymont and the role of the personal maid was described. So interesting to see how things connect from those programs.)
Question 2:
Travel to and from work for those who lived "in the country"; safety on the streets; where were service animals (mules, horses) were kept during the work day?; who paid for fire equipment back then and why weren't trucks better equipped?; safety inspections of buildings - codes, etc.
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Title: Using historical objects to increase vocabulary usage in written language
Grade Level: Elementary
Short Answer:
Some of my 1st -2nd grade students need concrete examples to bring forth descriptive language. I will supply students with an object that they can examine and then record their descriptive responses on file cards. We will then examine their words and write synonyms. They will choose three synonyms and then write a sentence or two about the object. Later, we can play a matching game with their original words and the newer vocabulary.
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Title: Comparing fresh, canned, and frozen foods - Nutrition & Packaging
Grade Level: Elementary
Short Answer:
I'd bring in examples of each type of food (veggies or fruits) for the students to touch and closely examine. 1- We would examine labels for ingredients to determine which is the healthiest. 2- We would examine packaging to see which would hold up the best. A fun game would be to take the items out to the hardtop playground and see which items would standup to some controlled rough play (ie- dropping the can, frozen package, and fresh veggie from a tall sliding board or monkey bars or tossing them to a marked spot on the blacktop).
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Title: What I wear and what I do
Grade Level: Elementary
Short Answer:
First think about recess outside on the playground. What kind of clothes do you think of wearing for your favorite games with your friends? Then think about going to a special event with your family. Would your clothes be different than those at recess? Would you act differently in your special event clothes? Why or why not?
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